What method do pilots use to compensate for magnetic variation?

Pilots compensate for magnetic variation primarily through preflight planning methods, specifically by adjusting their headings. Magnetic variation, or magnetic declination, refers to the angle difference between magnetic north and true north at a particular location on the Earth. This discrepancy can lead to navigational errors if not accounted for.

During preflight planning, pilots determine the local magnetic variation by consulting aeronautical charts, which provide the necessary information about the magnetic declination for the area of flight. They then adjust their planned heading to ensure that the indicated heading on their compass aligns accurately with their intended track over the ground.

This method is crucial for maintaining accurate navigation, as it directly affects how pilots interpret compass readings in relation to their actual course. By applying the appropriate adjustments during planning, pilots can effectively mitigate the impact of magnetic variation throughout their flight.

In contrast, adjusting fuel levels during the flight, utilizing autopilot settings, or following visual flight rules are not directly related to compensating for magnetic variation. They do not impact the fundamental need to align navigation tools with Earth's magnetic field.