What does the term "true north" refer to?

The term "true north" specifically refers to the direction toward the geographic North Pole. This is the fixed point on the Earth's surface where the lines of longitude converge and is used as the reference point for navigation based on the Earth’s coordinate system. Understanding true north is essential for accurate navigation because it provides a constant reference that is not affected by local magnetic variations or the inclination of the Earth's magnetic field.

In aviation and navigation contexts, distinguishing true north from magnetic north is crucial because pilots must consider magnetic deviation and variation to ensure they are accurately following their desired flight path. The difference between true north and magnetic north, known as magnetic variation, can affect how headings are set and maintained during flight.